听力理解 (Listening Comprehension)
听力理解 Listening Comprehension
P6 PSLE Chinese — 2026 Syllabus Study Notes
1. 考试格式 Exam Format
| 中文 Chinese | 说明 Explanation |
|---|---|
| 试卷三 试卷三 | shìjuàn sān |
| 总分 [ZH:总分 | zǒngfēn |
| 占总成绩 [ZH:占总成绩 | zhàn zǒng chéngjì |
| 题型 [ZH:题型 | tí xíng |
| 录音 [ZH:录音 | lùyīn |
| 播放次数 [ZH:播放次数 | bōfàng cìshù |
Key reminder: You will hear the audio — you will NOT see the Chinese text of the passage. Only the MCQ options are printed.
2. 录音文本类型 Audio Text Types
Understanding what kind of audio is playing helps you predict the structure and vocabulary.
1. 1 对话 [ZH:对话conversation / dialogue
- Two or more speakers talking to each other
- Listen for: who is speaking, their relationship (parent-child, friends, shopkeeper-customer), and what they want
- Common settings: 学校 (school), 家里 (home), 商店 (shop), 医院 (hospital)
- Clue words: 你好/我觉得/你说得对/为什么
2. 2 广播 广播announcement / broadcast
- One speaker making a public announcement
- Common settings: 机场 (airport), 超市 (supermarket), 学校广播 (school PA system), 火车站 (train station)
- Listen for: place names, times, instructions given to the audience
- Clue words: 请注意/欢迎光临/提醒大家/即将
3. 3 短文 短文short narrative / passage
- A single narrator describes an event, experience, or topic
- May be a personal recount or an informational piece
- Listen for: sequence of events, main character’s actions, outcomes
- Clue words: 首先/然后/接着/最后/结果
4. 4 指示 指示instructions / directions
- A speaker gives step-by-step directions or procedures
- Common settings: recipes (食谱), routes (路线), safety instructions (安全须知)
- Listen for: order of steps, quantities, specific actions
- Clue words: 第一步/接下来/注意/千万不要
3. 题目类型 Question Types
5. 1 主旨题 主旨题main idea question
- Asks: “这段录音主要说的是什么?” (What is this recording mainly about?)
- Strategy: Listen for the opening sentences and the repeated theme throughout
- Do NOT be distracted by minor details — the main idea is the big picture
- Watch out: A detail mentioned once is NOT the main idea
6. 2 细节题 细节题specific detail question
- Asks about a particular fact: a time, a place, a number, a name, a colour
- Strategy: Before listening, mark which detail the question targets
- These details often appear once only — concentrate carefully
- Watch out: The audio may give two numbers (e.g., original price vs. sale price) — know which one the question asks for
7. 3 态度/情感题 态度/情感题attitude / feelings question
- Asks: “说话人的心情/态度是怎样的?” (What is the speaker’s mood/attitude?)
- Strategy: Listen for tone words, exclamations, hesitations, and emotional vocabulary
- See Section 8 for a full vocabulary list of common tone words
- Watch out: The speaker may say one thing but feel another — listen for sarcasm or worry hidden under polite words
8. 4 言外之意题 言外之意题implied meaning question
- Asks what the speaker implies but does not directly say
- Strategy: Think about why the speaker said something — what is the logical conclusion?
- Example: If a character says “天气预报说明天会下大雨”, the implied meaning is that the outdoor activity may be cancelled
- Watch out: Do not choose an answer that is stated word-for-word — implied meaning questions require inference
4. 听前策略 Before-Listening Strategy
This is one of the most important phases. Use the reading time wisely.
Step 1: 快速读题 快速读题quickly read all questions
- Read ALL four MCQ options for each question before the audio starts
- Underline key words in the options (numbers, names, action words)
Step 2: 预测关键信息 预测关键信息predict key information
- Based on the options, guess what the passage will be about
- Example: If options mention 图书馆/操场/食堂/医务室, predict the question is about location
- Prepare your ear to listen for that specific category of information
Step 3: 判断题目类型 判断题目类型identify the question type
- Is it a main idea question? A detail question? A feelings question?
- Knowing the type helps you know what to focus on during listening
5. 听中策略 During-Listening Strategy
9. 1 抓关键词 抓关键词catch key words
These categories of words carry the most information:
| 类别 Category | 例子 Examples |
|---|---|
| 数字 数字 | shùzì |
| 人名 [ZH:人名 | rénmíng |
| 地名 [ZH:地名 | dìmíng |
| 时间词 [ZH:时间词 | shíjiān cí |
| 原因 [ZH:原因 | yuányīn |
10. 2 顺序词 [ZH:顺序词sequence / order words
These tell you the structure of events — vital for instruction and narrative texts:
| 词语 Word | 拼音 Pinyin | 含义 Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 首先 | shǒuxiān | first of all |
| 然后 | rán hòu | then / next |
| 接着 | jiēzhe | following that |
| 最后 | zuìhòu | finally / lastly |
| 同时 | tóngshí | at the same time |
| 之后 | zhīhòu | after that |
| 不久 | bùjiǔ | shortly after |
11. 3 简单记录 简单记录make brief notes
- Jot down key numbers, names, or sequence on your question paper as you hear them
- Use abbreviations or symbols — no need for full sentences
- Example: hear “三点半” → write 3:30; hear “图书馆” → write lib
12. 4 第二遍专注 第二遍专注focus on second playback
- First play: get the general meaning and answer easy questions
- Second play: confirm details for harder questions and check your answers
6. 听后策略 After-Listening Strategy
13. 1 排除法 排除法process of elimination
- Cross out options that are clearly wrong
- Even if you are unsure of the right answer, eliminating 2 wrong ones improves your odds significantly
14. 2 勿以"听到"为标准 勿以"听到"为标准do not choose an answer simply because you heard the word
- Examiners deliberately repeat words from the audio in wrong options
- Example: Audio says “他不想去游泳” — a wrong option may say “他喜欢游泳” using the word 游泳
- Always check whether the meaning matches, not just the vocabulary
15. 3 回顾题目类型 回顾题目类型review question type before finalising
- Main idea question? → Your answer should describe the whole passage, not one sentence
- Feelings question? → Your answer should be an emotion word, not an action
- Implied meaning? → Your answer should NOT be directly stated in the audio
7. 常见陷阱 Common Traps
Trap 1: 同音字陷阱 同音字陷阱homophone trap
When listening, you hear a sound — but that sound may match multiple different characters with very different meanings. See Section 9 for full homophone list.
- Example: Hearing “mǎi” — is it 买 (buy) or 卖 (sell)? The context tells you which.
- Trap: An option may use the wrong character that sounds the same, but has the opposite or unrelated meaning.
Trap 2: 信息中途改变 信息中途改变details that change midway through the audio
- Example: “我原来打算明天去，但后来决定今天就出发。” (I originally planned to go tomorrow, but later decided to leave today.)
- The final decision is “today” — but a trap option says “tomorrow”
- Strategy: Always note the most recent / final piece of information
Trap 3: 局部细节当主旨 局部细节当主旨treating a detail as the main idea
- A specific detail (e.g., “the food was delicious”) is not the main idea of a passage about a school excursion
- Strategy: For main idea questions, check that your answer covers the whole passage
Trap 4: 否定句 否定句negative sentences
- “他不是医生” (He is NOT a doctor) — a trap option says “He is a doctor”
- Listen very carefully for 不/没有/从来不/不一定
- Negative words can completely reverse the meaning
Trap 5: 说话人混淆 说话人混淆confusing which speaker said what
- In dialogue passages (对话), two speakers may express opposite opinions
- The question may ask what Speaker A thinks — make sure you don’t pick Speaker B’s view
- Strategy: Track each speaker’s position throughout
8. 情感/态度词汇 Tone and Attitude Vocabulary
Knowing these words helps you answer attitude and feelings questions accurately.
| 中文 Chinese | 拼音 Pinyin | 英文 English | 语境提示 Context Hint |
|---|---|---|---|
| 犹豫 | yóuyù | hesitant / uncertain | speaker pauses, says “不知道要不要…” |
| 热情 | rèqíng | enthusiastic / warm | speaker uses excited tone, “太棒了！” |
| 担心 | dānxīn | worried / concerned | “万一…怎么办”, “我很害怕…” |
| 放心 | fàngxīn | relieved / reassured | “原来如此，没关系了” |
| 惊讶 | jīngyà | surprised / astonished | “真的吗？！”, unexpected news |
| 失望 | shīwàng | disappointed | “我以为…没想到…” |
| 骄傲 | jiāo’ào | proud | parent talking about child’s achievement |
| 感激 | gǎnjī | grateful | “谢谢你，多亏了你” |
| 不满 | bùmǎn | dissatisfied / unhappy | complaining tone, “怎么可以这样！” |
| 后悔 | hòuhuǐ | regretful | “早知道就不…了” |
| 期待 | qīdài | looking forward to / anticipating | “我迫不及待…”, “真希望快点…” |
| 紧张 | jǐnzhāng | nervous / anxious | exam or performance context |
| 委屈 | wěiqū | feeling wronged / aggrieved | unfair situation, holding back tears |
| 自豪 | zìháo | proud of oneself | “我觉得我做到了” |
| 平静 | píngjìng | calm / composed | neutral, measured tone |
9. 同音字辨析 Homophone Awareness
These pairs sound similar or identical but have different meanings. Knowing them prevents mishearing.
Critical Homophone Pairs
| 字 Character A | 字 Character B | 拼音 Pinyin | 关键区别 Key Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| 买 (buy) | 卖 (sell) | mǎi / mài | Context: who is the buyer/seller? |
| 时 (time / when) | 是 (is / to be) | shí / shì | Grammatical role in sentence |
| 再 (again) | 在 (at / in / located) | zài / zài | Same pinyin! Context determines meaning |
| 做 (do / make) | 坐 (sit / travel by) | zuò / zuò | Same pinyin! “坐车” vs “做事” |
| 带 (carry / bring) | 戴 (wear — accessories) | dài / dài | Same pinyin! “带书包” vs “戴帽子” |
| 讲 (speak / tell) | 奖 (award / prize) | jiǎng / jiǎng | Same pinyin! “讲故事” vs “得奖” |
| 机 (machine / chance) | 鸡 (chicken) | jī / jī | “飞机” vs “鸡蛋” |
| 经 (pass through / already) | 净 (clean / only) | jīng / jìng | Different tones |
| 上 (above / go up / attend) | — | shàng | Multi-meaning: “上学” vs “上面” |
| 看 (look / read) | 刊 (publication) | kàn / kān | Different tones; context |
Study tip: For pairs with the same pinyin and tone (再/在, 做/坐, 带/戴, 讲/奖), you CANNOT tell them apart by sound alone — you must use context. The examiner knows this and may set traps here.
10. 样题练习 Sample MCQ Questions
These questions are modelled on PSLE format. Read the audio transcript as if you are hearing it, then answer the question.
样题一 Sample Question 1 — 广播 (Announcement)
音频文本 Audio Transcript:
同学们，请注意。今天下午的体育课改在室内进行，因为操场正在修缮。请大家下午两点在体育馆门口集合。记得带上运动鞋。
问题 Question: 今天下午的体育课在哪里上？
- A) 操场
- B) 教室
- C) 体育馆
- D) 游泳池
答案 Answer: C) 体育馆
解析 Explanation: The announcement says the PE lesson is moved indoors because the 操场 is under repair. Students are told to gather at the 体育馆门口. Option A (操场) is a trap — it was mentioned but is NOT the venue. Options B and D were never mentioned.
样题二 Sample Question 2 — 对话 (Dialogue)
音频文本 Audio Transcript:
妈妈：小华，你数学考试考得怎么样？ 小华：还好，我考了八十五分。 妈妈：上次你才考了七十二分，这次进步了很多！ 小华：是啊，我这次认真复习了好几天呢。
问题 Question: 小华这次数学考试考了多少分？
- A) 七十二分
- B) 八十分
- C) 八十五分
- D) 九十分
答案 Answer: C) 八十五分
解析 Explanation: This is a detail question (细节题) with a number trap. Both 七十二 and 八十五 are mentioned — 七十二 was the previous score, 八十五 is the current score. Option A is the classic “midway-change” trap.
样题三 Sample Question 3 — 主旨题 (Main Idea)
音频文本 Audio Transcript:
今天是我们学校一年一度的爱心义卖活动。同学们纷纷带来了自己制作的食品和手工艺品，摆在摊位上出售。所得的收益将全部捐给慈善机构，帮助有需要的人。大家都踊跃参与，气氛非常热烈。
问题 Question: 这段录音主要说的是什么？
- A) 同学们学会了如何做手工艺品
- B) 学校举办义卖活动帮助有需要的人
- C) 食品摊位上卖的东西很好吃
- D) 慈善机构的工作非常重要
答案 Answer: B) 学校举办义卖活动帮助有需要的人
解析 Explanation: The whole passage is about the school charity fair. Option A focuses on only one detail (crafts). Option C is a trap — “food” is mentioned but nothing about it tasting good. Option D is an inference too far — the passage mentions donating to charity but does not discuss the charity’s work itself.
样题四 Sample Question 4 — 情感题 (Feelings)
音频文本 Audio Transcript:
明天就要去参加演讲比赛了。我练习了好几个星期，但不知道上台的时候会不会忘记台词。万一讲错了怎么办？我昨晚连觉都睡不着。
问题 Question: 说话人现在的心情是怎样的？
- A) 兴奋
- B) 失望
- C) 紧张
- D) 骄傲
答案 Answer: C) 紧张
解析 Explanation: The speaker worries about forgetting lines, asks “万一…怎么办”, and couldn’t sleep. These are all signs of 紧张 (nervous/anxious). Option A (excited) is wrong — there is no excitement in the tone. Option B (disappointed) is wrong — the competition has not happened yet. Option D (proud) has no support from the text.
样题五 Sample Question 5 — 言外之意题 (Implied Meaning)
音频文本 Audio Transcript:
妈妈：小丽，你不是说今天要帮我洗碗吗？ 小丽：妈妈，我知道，但是我现在很忙，要完成今天的作业。 妈妈：那你什么时候才有时间？ 小丽：做完作业就帮你。
问题 Question: 从对话中可以推断出什么？
- A) 小丽不喜欢洗碗
- B) 小丽忘记了要帮妈妈洗碗
- C) 小丽会在完成作业后帮忙洗碗
- D) 妈妈不相信小丽会帮忙
答案 Answer: C) 小丽会在完成作业后帮忙洗碗
解析 Explanation: This is an implied meaning question. Small Lily explicitly says she will help after finishing homework. Option A is not stated — she did not say she dislikes washing dishes. Option B is wrong — she remembers (her mother’s reminder is just a prompt, not correcting forgetfulness). Option D goes too far — there is no indication of distrust.
样题六 Sample Question 6 — 指示 (Instructions)
音频文本 Audio Transcript:
同学们，制作果冻的步骤如下：首先，把果冻粉倒入碗里；然后，加入热水并搅拌均匀；接着，等它稍微冷却后，放入冰箱冷藏；最后，大约两小时后取出，就可以享用了。
问题 Question: 根据录音，下列哪个步骤是正确的？
- A) 先放入冰箱，再加热水
- B) 先加热水搅拌，再冷藏
- C) 先冷藏两小时，再加热水
- D) 先搅拌果冻粉，再倒入热水
答案 Answer: B) 先加热水搅拌，再冷藏
解析 Explanation: The sequence is: pour powder → add hot water → stir → cool slightly → refrigerate → wait 2 hours → eat. Option B correctly captures the order of adding hot water before refrigerating. The other options reverse the order — a classic instructions-passage trap.
样题七 Sample Question 7 — 否定陷阱 (Negative Sentence Trap)
音频文本 Audio Transcript:
王老师告诉同学们，下周的郊游活动不需要带午餐盒，因为学校会为大家准备饭盒。但每个同学必须自己带水壶。
问题 Question: 关于下周的郊游，下列哪项是正确的？
- A) 同学们需要自己带午餐
- B) 学校不会准备任何食物
- C) 同学们只需自带水壶
- D) 老师会帮同学们带水壶
答案 Answer: C) 同学们只需自带水壶
解析 Explanation: The teacher said students do NOT need to bring lunch boxes (negative sentence trap — Option A is wrong). The school WILL prepare food (Option B is wrong). Students must bring their OWN water bottle (Option D is wrong — teacher won’t bring it for them). Option C correctly summarises what students need to bring themselves.
样题八 Sample Question 8 — 同音字陷阱 (Homophone Trap)
音频文本 Audio Transcript:
这家书店正在举行大减价，许多书籍都打折出售。李叔叔在书店里买了三本关于历史的书。
问题 Question: 李叔叔在书店做了什么？
- A) 卖书给书店
- B) 买了历史书
- C) 买了三本故事书
- D) 问书店的工作人员要书
答案 Answer: B) 买了历史书
解析 Explanation: 买 (mǎi — to buy) vs 卖 (mài — to sell): Option A uses 卖 — a classic homophone trap. The audio clearly says 李叔叔 bought books (买), not sold them. Option C is wrong — the books were about 历史 (history), not 故事 (stories), another sound-alike trap. Option D is not mentioned.
样题九 Sample Question 9 — 态度辨析 (Nuanced Attitude)
音频文本 Audio Transcript:
小明得知自己被选为班长，心里说不清楚是什么感觉。他觉得这是大家对他的信任，但同时也担心自己做不好，不知道能不能胜任这个职务。
问题 Question: 小明被选为班长后，他的心情是怎样的？
- A) 非常高兴，迫不及待想开始
- B) 既感到荣幸，又感到担忧
- C) 感到失望，不想当班长
- D) 觉得无所谓，不在乎
答案 Answer: B) 既感到荣幸，又感到担忧
解析 Explanation: The passage says he sees it as trust from classmates (positive = 荣幸/honoured) but also worries he cannot do it well (negative = 担忧/worried). This mixed feeling is captured only by Option B. Option A is too purely positive. Options C and D contradict the text entirely.
样题十 Sample Question 10 — 综合题 (综合 Comprehensive)
音频文本 Audio Transcript:
上个周末，我和家人去了动物园。我最喜欢看大象，因为它们体型庞大，但却十分温顺。妹妹最喜欢看企鹅，说它们走路的样子很可爱。爸爸说，下次有机会要带我们去夜间动物园，那里有很多白天看不到的动物。
问题 Question: 根据录音，下列哪项正确？
- A) 全家人最喜欢大象
- B) 说话人觉得企鹅走路的样子很可爱
- C) 爸爸答应下次带他们去夜间动物园
- D) 他们这次去了夜间动物园
答案 Answer: C) 爸爸答应下次带他们去夜间动物园
解析 Explanation: Option A is wrong — the speaker likes elephants, the sister likes penguins; “全家人” (whole family) is not supported. Option B is wrong — it was the sister, not the speaker, who said penguins were cute (speaker confusion trap). Option D is wrong — dad said next time (下次), not this trip. Option C correctly captures what dad said about a future visit.
快速复习清单 Quick Revision Checklist
Before the exam, make sure you can:
- [ ] Name all 4 audio text types and their typical clue words 四种文本类型及关键词
- [ ] Identify all 4 question types and what each asks for 四种题目类型
- [ ] Use reading time to read and mark MCQ options 利用阅读时间
- [ ] Listen for sequence words 顺序词 and note key details 关键词
- [ ] Recognise the 5 major homophone pairs that cause traps 同音字陷阱
- [ ] Know all 15 attitude/feeling vocabulary words 情感词汇
- [ ] Apply the elimination strategy 排除法 after listening
- [ ] NOT select an answer just because the word appeared in the audio 勿以"听到"为标准
Study notes prepared for P6 PSLE Chinese 2026 syllabus — Paper 3 听力理解
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