Situational Writing (情景写作)

Not in PSLE Chinese 2026: 情景写作 (Situational Writing) is not a component of the PSLE Chinese examination. It exists only in PSLE English. The 2026 PSLE Chinese Paper 1 is a composition paper (40 marks) — typically offering a choice between 看图作文 (picture-based composition) and 命题作文 (topic-based composition). The notes below are kept for reference but do not reflect any component of the Chinese PSLE.

核心概念 (Key Concepts)

情景写作qíng jǐng xiě zuòsituational writing 是shìis 根据gēn jùaccording to 题目tí mùquestion / task 提供tí gōngprovide 的deof 身份shēn fènidentity、对象duì xiàngrecipient / target、目的mù dìpurpose 和héand 内容要点nèi róng yào diǎncontent points，写出xiě chūwrite out 合适hé shìappropriate 格式gé shìformat 与yǔand 语气yǔ qìtone 的deof 短文duǎn wénshort piece of writing。

在zàiin 小六会考华文xiǎo liù huì kǎo huá wénPSLE Chinese 中zhōngin，情景写作qíng jǐng xiě zuòsituational writing 最重要zuì zhòng yàomost important 的deof 两大评分项目liǎng dà píng fēn xiàng mùtwo major scoring components 是shìare：

• 内容nèi róngcontent： 是否shì fǒuwhether 完整wán zhěngcomplete 回答huí dáanswer 题目要求tí mù yāo qiútask requirements
• 语言yǔ yánlanguage： 是否shì fǒuwhether 通顺tōng shùnfluent、准确zhǔn quèaccurate、得体dé tǐappropriate、没有méi yǒuwithout 明显míng xiǎnobvious 病句bìng jùfaulty sentence 和héand 错别字cuò bié zìwrongly written character

电邮格式 (Email Format)

电邮diàn yóuemail 一般yì bāngenerally 分为fēn wéiis divided into 四个部分sì gè bù fènfour parts：

1. 称谓chēng wèisalutation
   写给朋友xiě gěi péng yǒuwriting to a friend 可以用kě yǐ yòngcan use 亲爱的qīn ài dedear 加jiāplus 名字míng ziname。
   写给老师xiě gěi lǎo shīwriting to a teacher 或huòor 校长xiào zhǎngprincipal 要用yào yòngmust use 尊敬的zūn jìng derespected。

2. 正文zhèng wénbody
   必须bì xūmust 紧扣jǐn kòuclosely follow 题意tí yìtask meaning，按顺序àn shùn xùin order 写出xiě chūwrite out 所有suǒ yǒuall 内容要点nèi róng yào diǎncontent points。

3. 祝语zhù yǔclosing wish
   写给朋友xiě gěi péng yǒuwriting to a friend 可用kě yòngcan use 祝你学习进步zhù nǐ xué xí jìn bùwish you progress in studies。
   写给师长xiě gěi shī zhǎngwriting to teachers/elders 可用kě yòngcan use 祝身体健康zhù shēn tǐ jiàn kāngwish you good health 或huòor 工作顺利gōng zuò shùn lìsmooth work。

4. 署名shǔ míngsign-off
   要写yào xiěmust write 自己zì jǐone’s own 身份shēn fènidentity 或huòor 名字míng ziname，不可bù kěmust not 漏写lòu xiěomit。

正式与非正式语体 (Formal vs Informal Register)

语体yǔ tǐregister 就是jiù shìis 语言风格yǔ yán fēng gélanguage style。
对象不同duì xiàng bù tóngdifferent recipients，语气yǔ qìtone 就要不同jiù yào bù tóngmust be different。

• 写给朋友xiě gěi péng yǒuwriting to a friend：语气yǔ qìtone 可以kě yǐcan be 亲切qīn qièwarm、自然zì ránnatural
• 写给老师xiě gěi lǎo shīwriting to a teacher、校长xiào zhǎngprincipal、主办单位zhǔ bàn dān wèiorganising body：语气yǔ qìtone 必须bì xūmust be 礼貌lǐ màopolite、庄重zhuāng zhòngformal

例如lì rúfor example：

• 朋友péng yǒufriend：我想邀请你一起参加wǒ xiǎng yāo qǐng nǐ yì qǐ cān jiāI would like to invite you to join
• 老师lǎo shīteacher：我谨代表本班诚挚邀请您出席wǒ jǐn dài biǎo běn bān chéng zhì yāo qǐng nín chū xíI sincerely invite you on behalf of the class to attend

通告格式 (Notice Format)

通告tōng gàonotice 通常tōng chángusually 用于yòng yúused for 通知tōng zhīinform 大家dà jiāeveryone 某项活动mǒu xiàng huó dòngan activity 或huòor 重要事项zhòng yào shì xiàngimportant matter。
基本格式jī běn gé shìbasic format 包括bāo kuòincludes：

• 标题biāo títitle / heading
• 内容nèi róngcontent
• 日期rì qīdate
• 署名shǔ míngorganisation/name

内容nèi róngcontent 一般要写清楚yì bān yào xiě qīng chǔgenerally must state clearly：

• 活动名称huó dòng míng chēngname of activity
• 活动日期huó dòng rì qīdate of activity
• 活动时间huó dòng shí jiāntime of activity
• 活动地点huó dòng dì diǎnvenue
• 参加对象cān jiā duì xiàngtarget participants
• 注意事项zhù yì shì xiàngimportant notes
• 联络方法lián luò fāng fǎcontact method

内容要点完整 (Address All Content Points)

题目tí mùtask 给出gěi chūgives 多少个duō shǎo gèhow many 内容要点nèi róng yào diǎncontent points，就必须jiù bì xūthen must 写全xiě quáncover all。
漏写lòu xiěmissing 一个要点yí gè yào diǎnone point，内容分nèi róng fēncontent marks 就会被扣除jiù huì bèi kòu chúwill be deducted。
如果rú guǒif 只写zhǐ xiěonly write 自己熟悉的内容zì jǐ shú xī de nèi róngfamiliar content，却没有què méi yǒubut did not 回应huí yìngrespond to 题目指定项目tí mù zhǐ dìng xiàng mùspecified task points，分数fēn shùmarks 不会高bú huì gāowill not be high。

常见任务类型 (Common Task Types)

常见cháng jiàncommon 情景写作题型qíng jǐng xiě zuò tí xíngsituational writing task types 包括bāo kuòinclude：

• 电邮推荐一项活动diàn yóu tuī jiàn yí xiàng huó dòngemail recommending an activity
• 为学校活动写通告wèi xué xiào huó dòng xiě tōng gàowrite a notice for a school event
• 写便条给同学xiě biàn tiáo gěi tóng xuéwrite a note to a classmate

便条biàn tiáonote 虽然suī ránalthough 较短jiào duǎnshorter，但dànbut 仍然réng ránstill 要有yào yǒumust have 明确对象míng què duì xiàngclear recipient、事情经过shì qíng jīng guòwhat happened、请求或提醒qǐng qiú huò tí xǐngrequest or reminder 和héand 署名shǔ míngsign-off。

规则与例子 (Rules and Examples)

电邮格式要完整 (Complete Email Format)

规则guī zérule：
电邮diàn yóuemail 必须bì xūmust 有yǒuhave 称谓chēng wèisalutation、正文zhèng wénbody、祝语zhù yǔclosing wish 和héand 署名shǔ míngsign-off。

✓ 正确zhèng quècorrect
亲爱的丽华qīn ài de Lì Huádear Lihua：
这个星期六学校将举办环保义卖会，我想邀请你一起参加。这个活动不但有意义，还能让我们学习如何保护环境。zhè gè xīng qī liù xué xiào jiāng jǔ bàn huán bǎo yì mài huì, wǒ xiǎng yāo qǐng nǐ yì qǐ cān jiā. zhè gè huó dòng bú dàn yǒu yì yì, hái néng ràng wǒ men xué xí rú hé bǎo hù huán jìng.This Saturday the school will hold an environmental charity sale, and I would like to invite you to join. This activity is not only meaningful, but also lets us learn how to protect the environment.
祝你天天开心zhù nǐ tiān tiān kāi xīnwish you happy every day
美玲Měi LíngMeiling

✗ 错误cuò wùwrong
学校这个星期六有活动，你来吗？xué xiào zhè gè xīng qī liù yǒu huó dòng, nǐ lái ma?The school has an activity this Saturday, will you come?
问题wèn típroblem：没有méi yǒuno 称谓chēng wèisalutation、祝语zhù yǔclosing wish、署名shǔ míngsign-off

✓ 正确zhèng quècorrect
尊敬的王老师zūn jìng de Wáng lǎo shīrespected Teacher Wang：
您好！我写这封电邮，是想向您推荐本班参加“校园阅读周”活动。我认为这项活动能培养同学们的阅读兴趣，也能提升语文能力。nín hǎo! wǒ xiě zhè fēng diàn yóu, shì xiǎng xiàng nín tuī jiàn běn bān cān jiā “xiào yuán yuè dú zhōu” huó dòng. wǒ rèn wéi zhè xiàng huó dòng néng péi yǎng tóng xué men de yuè dú xìng qù, yě néng tí shēng yǔ wén néng lì.Hello! I am writing this email to recommend our class to participate in the Campus Reading Week activity. I think this activity can cultivate students’ interest in reading and also improve language ability.
祝工作顺利zhù gōng zuò shùn lìwish you smooth work
六年级忠班班长李强liù nián jí Zhōng bān bān zhǎng Lǐ QiángLi Qiang, monitor of Primary 6 Zhong class

✗ 错误cuò wùwrong
王老师，你好啊！我觉得这个活动超好玩，你一定要给我们参加！Wáng lǎo shī, nǐ hǎo a! wǒ jué de zhè gè huó dòng chāo hǎo wán, nǐ yí dìng yào gěi wǒ men cān jiā!Teacher Wang, hi! I think this activity is super fun, you must let us join!
问题wèn típroblem：语气yǔ qìtone 太随便tài suí biàntoo casual，不适合bù shì hénot suitable for 写给老师xiě gěi lǎo shīwriting to a teacher

语气要符合对象 (Tone Must Match Recipient)

规则guī zérule：
朋友péng yǒufriend 可用kě yòngcan use 亲切自然qīn qiè zì ránwarm and natural 的语气de yǔ qìtone；师长shī zhǎngteachers/elders 要用yào yòngmust use 礼貌庄重lǐ mào zhuāng zhòngpolite and formal 的语气de yǔ qìtone。

✓ 正确zhèng quècorrect
我想邀请你和我一起参加学校的运动嘉年华。相信你一定会玩得很开心。wǒ xiǎng yāo qǐng nǐ hé wǒ yì qǐ cān jiā xué xiào de yùn dòng jiā nián huá. xiāng xìn nǐ yí dìng huì wán de hěn kāi xīn.I want to invite you to join the school sports carnival with me. I believe you will have a great time.
适用对象shì yòng duì xiàngsuitable recipient：朋友péng yǒufriend

✗ 错误cuò wùwrong
本人谨此通知你，本校将举行运动嘉年华。běn rén jǐn cǐ tōng zhī nǐ, běn xiào jiāng jǔ xíng yùn dòng jiā nián huá.I hereby inform you that our school will hold a sports carnival.
问题wèn típroblem：写给朋友xiě gěi péng yǒuwriting to a friend 却过于正式què guò yú zhèng shìbut overly formal

✓ 正确zhèng quècorrect
校长您好，我代表环保小组向您建议举办旧衣回收活动。这项活动不但能帮助有需要的人，也能培养同学们的环保意识。xiào zhǎng nín hǎo, wǒ dài biǎo huán bǎo xiǎo zǔ xiàng nín jiàn yì jǔ bàn jiù yī huí shōu huó dòng. zhè xiàng huó dòng bú dàn néng bāng zhù yǒu xū yào de rén, yě néng péi yǎng tóng xué men de huán bǎo yì shí.Hello Principal, on behalf of the environmental group I would like to suggest holding a used-clothes recycling activity. This activity can not only help those in need, but also cultivate students’ environmental awareness.
适用对象shì yòng duì xiàngsuitable recipient：校长xiào zhǎngprincipal

✗ 错误cuò wùwrong
校长，我觉得这个活动很赞，你快点答应吧！xiào zhǎng, wǒ jué de zhè gè huó dòng hěn zàn, nǐ kuài diǎn dā yìng ba!Principal, I think this activity is great, please quickly agree!
问题wèn típroblem：不够礼貌bú gòu lǐ màonot polite enough

通告内容要清楚 (Notice Content Must Be Clear)

规则guī zérule：
通告tōng gàonotice 要让读者yào ràng dú zhěmust let the reader 一看就懂yí kàn jiù dǒngunderstand at a glance 谁shéiwho、什么事shén me shìwhat matter、何时hé shíwhen、何地hé dìwhere、如何参加rú hé cān jiāhow to take part。

✓ 正确zhèng quècorrect
通告tōng gàonotice
本校将于六月二十日（星期四）下午两点，在礼堂举办“阅读分享会”。欢迎全体六年级学生准时出席，并带上自己最喜欢的一本书。běn xiào jiāng yú liù yuè èr shí rì (xīng qī sì) xià wǔ liǎng diǎn, zài lǐ táng jǔ bàn “yuè dú fēn xiǎng huì”. huān yíng quán tǐ liù nián jí xué shēng zhǔn shí chū xí, bìng dài shàng zì jǐ zuì xǐ huān de yì běn shū.Our school will hold a “Reading Sharing Session” on 20 June (Thursday) at 2 p.m. in the hall. All Primary 6 students are welcome to attend punctually and bring along one of their favourite books.
六月十五日liù yuè shí wǔ rì15 June
华文部Huá Wén BùChinese Department

✗ 错误cuò wùwrong
有活动，请大家参加。yǒu huó dòng, qǐng dà jiā cān jiā.There is an activity, please join.
问题wèn típroblem：没有méi yǒuno 时间shí jiāntime、地点dì diǎnvenue、对象duì xiàngtarget group、活动名称huó dòng míng chēngactivity name

必须回应所有内容要点 (Must Respond to All Content Points)

规则guī zérule：
题目tí mùtask 列出liè chūlists 几点jǐ diǎnhow many points，正文zhèng wénbody 就要写几点jiù yào xiě jǐ diǎnmust address the same number of points。

✓ 正确zhèng quècorrect
如果题目要求你说明rú guǒ tí mù yāo qiú nǐ shuō míngif the task asks you to explain：活动名称huó dòng míng chēngactivity name、推荐原因tuī jiàn yuán yīnreason for recommendation、活动时间huó dòng shí jiāntime of activity、希望对方怎么做xī wàng duì fāng zěn me zuòwhat you hope the recipient will do，就必须jiù bì xūthen must 四点都写sì diǎn dōu xiěwrite all four points。

✗ 错误cuò wùwrong
只写zhǐ xiěonly write 活动很好玩huó dòng hěn hǎo wánthe activity is fun 和héand 自己想参加zì jǐ xiǎng cān jiāyou want to join，却没有què méi yǒubut do not 交代jiāo dàistate 时间shí jiāntime 与yǔand 要求yāo qiúrequest

便条要简短但完整 (Notes Must Be Brief but Complete)

规则guī zérule：
便条biàn tiáonote 可以短kě yǐ duǎncan be short，但是dàn shìbut 不能bù néngcannot 缺少quē shǎolack 重点zhòng diǎnkey points。

✓ 正确zhèng quècorrect
小明Xiǎo MíngXiaoming：
我今天因发烧不能去学校。请你帮我把华文作业交给陈老师，也请你放学后把今天的功课告诉我。谢谢！wǒ jīn tiān yīn fā shāo bù néng qù xué xiào. qǐng nǐ bāng wǒ bǎ huá wén zuò yè jiāo gěi Chén lǎo shī, yě qǐng nǐ fàng xué hòu bǎ jīn tiān de gōng kè gào sù wǒ. xiè xie!I cannot go to school today because I have a fever. Please help me hand my Chinese homework to Teacher Chen, and also tell me today’s homework after school. Thank you!
小华Xiǎo HuáXiaohua

✗ 错误cuò wùwrong
我没去学校，你帮我一下。wǒ méi qù xué xiào, nǐ bāng wǒ yí xià.I didn’t go to school, help me a bit.
问题wèn típroblem：没有说明méi yǒu shuō míngdid not explain 原因yuán yīnreason、具体请求jù tǐ qǐng qiúspecific request 和héand 署名shǔ míngsign-off

范文与技巧 (Model Sentences and Techniques)

高分句式 (High-Scoring Sentence Structures)

1. 我写这封电邮，是想向你推荐……wǒ xiě zhè fēng diàn yóu, shì xiǎng xiàng nǐ tuī jiàn…I am writing this email to recommend… to you.
   作用zuò yòngfunction：开门见山kāi mén jiàn shānget straight to the point，直接说明目的zhí jiē shuō míng mù dìstates purpose directly

2. 这项活动不但……，而且……zhè xiàng huó dòng bú dàn…, ér qiě…This activity not only…, but also…
   作用zuò yòngfunction：层次分明céng cì fēn míngclear structure，能清楚写出两个优点néng qīng chǔ xiě chū liǎng gè yōu diǎnclearly presents two advantages

3. 我认为举办这项活动有以下几个好处。wǒ rèn wéi jǔ bàn zhè xiàng huó dòng yǒu yǐ xià jǐ gè hǎo chù.I think holding this activity has the following benefits.
   作用zuò yòngfunction：适合shì hésuitable for 正式电邮zhèng shì diàn yóuformal email 和héand 建议类题目jiàn yì lèi tí mùsuggestion-type tasks

4. 如果你能参加，我相信你一定会获益良多。rú guǒ nǐ néng cān jiā, wǒ xiāng xìn nǐ yí dìng huì huò yì liáng duō.If you can take part, I believe you will benefit greatly.
   作用zuò yòngfunction：有说服力yǒu shuō fú lìpersuasive

5. 希望你能拨出时间出席这项有意义的活动。xī wàng nǐ néng bō chū shí jiān chū xí zhè xiàng yǒu yì yì de huó dòng.I hope you can spare time to attend this meaningful activity.
   作用zuò yòngfunction：结尾明确jié wěi míng quèclear ending，呼应目的hū yìng mù dìmatches purpose

佳句分析 (Why These Score Well)

• 用词准确yòng cí zhǔn quèaccurate word choice：推荐tuī jiànrecommend、建议jiàn yìsuggest、举办jǔ bànorganise、出席chū xíattend 都比dōu bǐare all better than 去qùgo、做zuòdo 更具体gèng jù tǐmore specific
• 句式完整jù shì wán zhěngcomplete sentence structures：有主语yǒu zhǔ yǔhas subject、谓语wèi yǔpredicate、宾语bīn yǔobject
• 连接自然lián jiē zì ránsmooth linking：首先shǒu xiānfirstly、此外cǐ wàibesides、最后zuì hòufinally 让内容更有条理ràng nèi róng gèng yǒu tiáo lǐmake the content more organised
• 符合对象fú hé duì xiàngmatches recipient：对朋友亲切duì péng yǒu qīn qièwarm to a friend，对师长恭敬duì shī zhǎng gōng jìngrespectful to teachers/elders

电邮范文段落 (Model Email Paragraph)

我写这封电邮，是想向你推荐学校下个月举办的“亲子阅读日”活动。这个活动不但能增进亲子关系，而且能培养阅读习惯。到时候，学生和家长可以一起听故事、交换图书，也能参加有趣的问答比赛。如果你和家人一同参加，一定会度过一个充实又愉快的上午。wǒ xiě zhè fēng diàn yóu, shì xiǎng xiàng nǐ tuī jiàn xué xiào xià gè yuè jǔ bàn de “qīn zǐ yuè dú rì” huó dòng. zhè gè huó dòng bú dàn néng zēng jìn qīn zǐ guān xì, ér qiě néng péi yǎng yuè dú xí guàn. dào shí hòu, xué shēng hé jiā zhǎng kě yǐ yì qǐ tīng gù shì, jiāo huàn tú shū, yě néng cān jiā yǒu qù de wèn dá bǐ sài. rú guǒ nǐ hé jiā rén yì tóng cān jiā, yí dìng huì dù guò yí gè chōng shí yòu yú kuài de shàng wǔ.I am writing this email to recommend the “Parent-Child Reading Day” that the school will hold next month. This activity can not only strengthen parent-child relationships, but also cultivate reading habits. At that time, students and parents can listen to stories together, exchange books, and also take part in an interesting quiz competition. If you and your family join, you will certainly spend a fulfilling and enjoyable morning.

得分原因dé fēn yuán yīnreasons it scores well：

• 第一句直接点题dì yī jù zhí jiē diǎn tífirst sentence directly states the task
• 写出具体活动内容xiě chū jù tǐ huó dòng nèi rónggives specific activity details
• 使用关联词shǐ yòng guān lián cíuses connectors 不但……而且……bú dàn… ér qiě…not only… but also…
• 结尾有鼓励作用jié wěi yǒu gǔ lì zuò yòngending has encouraging effect

通告范文段落 (Model Notice Content)

通告tōng gàonotice

为了提高同学们的环保意识，本校将于八月五日（星期一）下午三点，在学校礼堂举办“环保讲座”。欢迎全体六年级学生准时参加。请同学们穿整齐校服，并自备笔记本，以便记录重点内容。若有疑问，请向班主任查询。wèi le tí gāo tóng xué men de huán bǎo yì shí, běn xiào jiāng yú bā yuè wǔ rì (xīng qī yī) xià wǔ sān diǎn, zài xué xiào lǐ táng jǔ bàn “huán bǎo jiǎng zuò”. huān yíng quán tǐ liù nián jí xué shēng zhǔn shí cān jiā. qǐng tóng xué men chuān zhěng qí xiào fú, bìng zì bèi bǐ jì běn, yǐ biàn jì lù zhòng diǎn nèi róng. ruò yǒu yí wèn, qǐng xiàng bān zhǔ rèn chá xún.In order to raise students’ environmental awareness, our school will hold an “Environmental Talk” on 5 August (Monday) at 3 p.m. in the school hall. All Primary 6 students are welcome to attend punctually. Students are requested to wear neat school uniform and bring their own notebook so as to record the key points. If there are any questions, please check with your form teacher.

八月一日bā yuè yī rì1 August
学生理事会xué shēng lǐ shì huìstudent council

常见错误 (Common Mistakes)

漏格式 (Missing Format Parts)

• 漏写称谓lòu xiě chēng wèimissing salutation
• 漏写祝语lòu xiě zhù yǔmissing closing wish
• 漏写署名lòu xiě shǔ míngmissing sign-off
• 通告没有标题tōng gào méi yǒu biāo tínotice has no title
• 通告漏日期tōng gào lòu rì qīnotice misses the date

避免方法bì miǎn fāng fǎhow to avoid：
写完后xiě wán hòuafter finishing，立刻检查lì kè jiǎn cháimmediately check 格式四项gé shì sì xiàngthe four format parts 是否齐全shì fǒu qí quánwhether complete。

内容不完整 (Incomplete Content)

很多学生hěn duō xué shēngmany students 只顾着zhǐ gù zheonly focus on 把句子写长bǎ jù zi xiě chángwriting long sentences，却忘了què wàng lebut forget 题目要点tí mù yào diǎntask points。
例如lì rúfor example：题目要求tí mù yāo qiútask requires 说明原因shuō míng yuán yīnstate reasons、提出建议tí chū jiàn yìgive suggestions、注明时间地点zhù míng shí jiān dì diǎnstate time and venue，结果jié guǒresult 只写了原因zhǐ xiě le yuán yīnonly reasons were written。

避免方法bì miǎn fāng fǎhow to avoid：

1. 先圈出xiān quān chūfirst circle 关键词guān jiàn cíkeywords
2. 按要点编号àn yào diǎn biān hàonumber the points
3. 每写完一点měi xiě wán yì diǎnafter writing each point，打一个勾dǎ yí gè gōutick it off

语气不当 (Inappropriate Tone)

• 写给校长xiě gěi xiào zhǎngwriting to principal 却用què yòngbut uses 你nǐyou 和héand 快点kuài diǎnhurry up
• 写给朋友xiě gěi péng yǒuwriting to friend 却用què yòngbut uses 本人běn rénI / the undersigned、谨此jǐn cǐhereby

避免方法bì miǎn fāng fǎhow to avoid：
先确定xiān què dìngfirst determine 收件人身份shōu jiàn rén shēn fènrecipient identity，再决定zài jué dìngthen decide 语气yǔ qìtone。

错别字与混淆字 (Wrong Characters and Confusing Character Pairs)

• 在zàiat / in ／ 再zàiagain
• 已yǐalready ／ 以yǐby / with
• 做zuòdo ／ 作zuòmake / writing
• 象xiàngelephant / form ／ 像xiàngresemble
• 那里nà lǐthere ／ 那里nà lǐthere
  注意zhù yìnote：不要bú yàodo not 写成xiě chéngwrite as 哪里nǎ lǐwhere 当作dàng zuòas 那里nà lǐthere

避免方法bì miǎn fāng fǎhow to avoid：
平时多读多写píng shí duō dú duō xiěread and write more regularly，考试时慢看题目kǎo shì shí màn kàn tí mùread the task carefully during exam，写完后检查xiě wán hòu jiǎn chácheck after writing 常错字cháng cuò zìcommonly mistaken characters。

的／地／得用法 (Use of 的 / 地 / 得)

这三个字zhè sān gè zìthese three characters 很容易hěn róng yìeasily 用错yòng cuòused wrongly，写作xiě zuòwriting 中zhōngin 必须分清楚bì xū fēn qīng chǔmust distinguish clearly。

1. 的depossessive / descriptive linker
   用在yòng zàiused before 名词míng cínoun 前面qián miànbefore，表示biǎo shìshows 修饰xiū shìmodifies
   例子lì ziexample：

   • 有意义的活动yǒu yì yì de huó dòngmeaningful activity
   • 整齐的校服zhěng qí de xiào fúneat school uniform

2. 地deadverbial linker
   用在yòng zàiused before 动词dòng cíverb 前面qián miànbefore，表示biǎo shìshows 怎样zěn yànghow 做动作zuò dòng zuòan action is done
   例子lì ziexample：

   • 认真地听讲rèn zhēn de tīng jiǎnglisten attentively
   • 高兴地参加活动gāo xìng de cān jiā huó dònghappily participate in the activity

3. 得decomplement linker
   用在yòng zàiused after 动词dòng cíverb 后面hòu miànafter，说明shuō míngexplains 动作结果dòng zuò jié guǒresult of action 或huòor 程度chéng dùdegree
   例子lì ziexample：

   • 写得很清楚xiě de hěn qīng chǔwrite very clearly
   • 玩得很开心wán de hěn kāi xīnhave great fun

✓ 正确zhèng quècorrect
同学们认真地听讲，记下老师说的重要内容。tóng xué men rèn zhēn de tīng jiǎng, jì xià lǎo shī shuō de zhòng yào nèi róng.The students listened attentively and wrote down the important points said by the teacher.

✗ 错误cuò wùwrong
同学们认真得听讲。tóng xué men rèn zhēn de tīng jiǎng.The students listened attentively.
问题wèn típroblem：认真rèn zhēnattentively 是shìis 修饰动作xiū shì dòng zuòmodifying the action，应该用yīng gāi yòngshould use 地deadverbial linker

情景写作不是叙事文 (Situational Writing Is Not Narrative Composition)

情景写作qíng jǐng xiě zuòsituational writing 和héand 叙事文xù shì wénnarrative essay 不同bù tóngare different。
叙事文xù shì wénnarrative essay 重视zhòng shìemphasises 情节发展qíng jié fā zhǎnplot development，情景写作qíng jǐng xiě zuòsituational writing 重视zhòng shìemphasises 完成任务wán chéng rèn wùcompleting the task、格式gé shìformat 和héand 内容要点nèi róng yào diǎncontent points。
因此yīn cǐtherefore，不要bú yàodo not 把bǎtake 情景写作qíng jǐng xiě zuòsituational writing 写成xiě chéngwrite as 长篇叙事文cháng piān xù shì wénlong narrative essay。

应试技巧 (Exam Tips)

Not in PSLE Chinese 2026: The mark breakdown below (15 marks situational + 25 marks composition) does not apply to PSLE Chinese. In PSLE Chinese 2026, Paper 1 (40 marks) consists entirely of 看图作文 (picture-based composition). There is no situational writing component in Chinese.

试卷一写作shì juàn yī xiě zuòPaper 1 Writing 总分zǒng fēntotal marks 40分sì shí fēn40 marks。
情景写作qíng jǐng xiě zuòsituational writing 占zhàntakes 15分shí wǔ fēn15 marks。
作文zuò wéncomposition 占zhàntakes 25分èr shí wǔ fēn25 marks。

情景写作qíng jǐng xiě zuòsituational writing 评分píng fēnscoring 分为fēn wéiis divided into：

• 内容nèi róngcontent：8分bā fēn8 marks
• 语言yǔ yánlanguage：7分qī fēn7 marks

时间分配 (Time Management)

试卷一总时间shì juàn yī zǒng shí jiāntotal Paper 1 time 是shìis 一小时十分钟yì xiǎo shí shí fēn zhōng1 hour 10 minutes。
建议分配jiàn yì fēn pèirecommended allocation：

• 审题shěn tíreading and understanding task：3分钟sān fēn zhōng3 minutes
• 列要点liè yào diǎnlisting points：2分钟liǎng fēn zhōng2 minutes
• 写情景写作xiě qíng jǐng xiě zuòwriting situational task：15分钟shí wǔ fēn zhōng15 minutes
• 检查jiǎn cháchecking：3分钟sān fēn zhōng3 minutes

阅卷老师看什么 (What Examiners Look For)

1. 格式正确gé shì zhèng quècorrect format
   电邮diàn yóuemail 有无yǒu wúwhether there is 称谓chēng wèisalutation、祝语zhù yǔclosing wish、署名shǔ míngsign-off；通告tōng gàonotice 有无yǒu wúwhether there is 标题biāo títitle、日期rì qīdate、署名shǔ míngorganisation/name

2. 内容完整nèi róng wán zhěngcomplete content
   每一个měi yí gèevery 题目要点tí mù yào diǎntask point 都要回应dōu yào huí yìngmust be addressed

3. 语气得体yǔ qì dé tǐappropriate tone
   对象是朋友duì xiàng shì péng yǒuif recipient is a friend 就亲切jiù qīn qièbe warm；对象是师长duì xiàng shì shī zhǎngif recipient is teacher/elder 就礼貌jiù lǐ màobe polite

4. 语言通顺yǔ yán tōng shùnsmooth language
   句子jù zisentences 不要太长bú yào tài chángshould not be too long，避免bì miǎnavoid 病句bìng jùfaulty sentences

5. 用词准确yòng cí zhǔn quèaccurate wording
   不要乱用bú yào luàn yòngdo not misuse 成语chéng yǔidioms 和héand 华丽词语huá lì cí yǔfancy words；简单正确jiǎn dān zhèng quèsimple and correct 比bǐthan 复杂错误fù zá cuò wùcomplicated and wrong 更重要gèng zhòng yàomore important

得分策略 (Scoring Strategies)

• 先写格式xiān xiě gé shìwrite the format first，确保què bǎoensure 不失基本分bù shī jī běn fēndo not lose basic marks
• 每个要点至少写一句měi gè yào diǎn zhì shǎo xiě yí jùwrite at least one sentence for each point
• 善用关联词shàn yòng guān lián cíuse connectors well：首先shǒu xiānfirstly、其次qí cìsecondly、此外cǐ wàibesides、最后zuì hòufinally
• 结尾再次点明目的jié wěi zài cì diǎn míng mù dìrestate purpose at the end
• 预留时间检查yù liú shí jiān jiǎn cháleave time to check 的defor 地deadverbial linker 得decomplement linker、错别字cuò bié zìwrongly written character 和héand 漏字lòu zìmissing word

快速总结 (Quick Summary)

Not in PSLE Chinese 2026: The entire 情景写作 section below is for reference only. PSLE Chinese Paper 1 (2026) does not include situational writing — it is 看图作文 only.

• 情景写作qíng jǐng xiě zuòsituational writing 重在zhòng zàifocuses on 完成任务wán chéng rèn wùcompleting the task，不是bú shìis not 叙事文xù shì wénnarrative essay
• 电邮格式diàn yóu gé shìemail format 四部分sì bù fènfour parts：称谓chēng wèisalutation、正文zhèng wénbody、祝语zhù yǔclosing wish、署名shǔ míngsign-off
• 通告格式tōng gào gé shìnotice format 四部分sì bù fènfour parts：标题biāo títitle、内容nèi róngcontent、日期rì qīdate、署名shǔ míngorganisation/name
• 写给朋友xiě gěi péng yǒuwriting to a friend 语气要亲切yǔ qì yào qīn qiètone should be warm
• 写给老师或校长xiě gěi lǎo shī huò xiào zhǎngwriting to a teacher or principal 语气要礼貌庄重yǔ qì yào lǐ mào zhuāng zhòngtone should be polite and formal
• 题目所有要点tí mù suǒ yǒu yào diǎnall task points 必须写全bì xū xiě quánmust be fully covered
• 漏写要点lòu xiě yào diǎnmissing content points 会被扣内容分huì bèi kòu nèi róng fēnwill lose content marks
• 常见题型cháng jiàn tí xíngcommon task types：推荐活动电邮tuī jiàn huó dòng diàn yóuactivity recommendation email、学校活动通告xué xiào huó dòng tōng gàoschool event notice、写给同学的便条xiě gěi tóng xué de biàn tiáonote to a classmate
• 内容nèi róngcontent 8分bā fēn8 marks，语言yǔ yánlanguage 7分qī fēn7 marks
• 试卷一写作shì juàn yī xiě zuòPaper 1 Writing 总分zǒng fēntotal marks 40分sì shí fēn40 marks，情景写作qíng jǐng xiě zuòsituational writing 15分shí wǔ fēn15 marks
• 记得检查jì de jiǎn cháremember to check 的depossessive / descriptive linker、地deadverbial linker、得decomplement linker 和héand 错别字cuò bié zìwrongly written character
• 句子宁可jù zi nìng kěsentences would rather be 简洁正确jiǎn jié zhèng quèsimple and correct，也不要yě bú yàorather than 复杂出错fù zá chū cuòcomplicated and wrong